What is IMPRINTING in Pilates?

Image with text on the left side: "Volume 2 examines locomotor system health conditions, including scoliosis, kyphosis, and more, illustrating in detail how movement sequences improve gait, balance, and quality of life."
The text on the right side: "Dr. Suzanne Clements Martin | Chapter 1 
Pilates and Spinal Asymmetry: Effect on Gait"

This blog post was written by Dr. Suzanne Clements Martin, contributor to “Chapter 1: Pilates and Spinal Asymmetry: Effect on Gait” in Pilates Applications for Health Conditions Volume 2. This blog post originally appeared in Pilates Intel.

Imprinting is a beloved term used in Pilates

Attributed to our Elder Eve Gentry, imprinting is a subtle action involved with detailed movements of the vertebra in a supine position, where the imprinted motion seeks to “release” the individual vertebrae. In physical therapy terms, it would be called an anterior-posterior Grade 1 or 4 self-mobilization. Contemporary-minded Pilates allows liberty for interpretation. While mobilizing vertebral bones is one way of using the term imprinting, may I suggest others?

Fascia’s Importance

It is no secret that the fascia world concepts have inundated the field of Pilates, yoga, and exercise in general. How fortunate this age is to have new and exciting ways to look at not just fascial anatomy, but actual fascial movement, its connecting impact and coordination with the sensory and psychological self. Already being an advanced mover starting the journey over 25 years ago in cadaver studies, the glaring observation was how abundant the fascia was/is throughout a body, not just humans. Curiosity of fascia’s importance through observation of the outrageous amount of back-up tissue for infrastructure was immensely reassuring for my world, the mover population.

Thanks to interested surgeons, researchers, along with popular anatomists, a clearer, working knowledge of the structure, form, and function continues to emerge.

Perhaps not surprisingly, the actual skin, our first line of imprint, acknowledges both internal and external sensory nerve pressures that have direct influence all the way into our bones. Bones are not rocks, but actual organized living groups of cells. The fascial layers, beginning with skin, abut and connect layer after fascial layer to eventually continue into periosteum, the fascial lining of bone. What happens on the surface impacts the bones, and bones create functional motion from the gentle rotations of individual ribs to create breathe to the large motion excursion of the legs in Leg Circles on the Reformer.

Fascia has a basic organizational characteristic known as bio-tensegrity, a term gaining increasing popularity. What does it mean? The word breaks down to biologic tensional integrity, meaning tensioning connective tissue holds our bodies together instead of an architectural building block model. The tension is adjusted by our nervous system in a process called proprioception. Proprioception is the brain’s perception of where it is in space. Kinesthesia is the body understanding when and how it is moving. Functional joint stabilization occurs as a result of these two occurring during motion. (Panjabi, 1997)

The tensioning of the connective tissue of fascia gives what is called force closure of the joints, in particular the pelvic joints, which help to maintain verticality. Force closure helps so many of us that are more flexible, do not have perfect joints (as in spinal asymmetry or arthritis), or that have had babies, injuries, or accidents, in other words, most of the population.

Fascial-Oriented Pilates Applications

As a long-time fascial manual therapist, I’ve incorporated the principles of fascial decompression and manipulation to my courses. Imprinting can be applied in both decompressive and manipulative ways in our work.

My courses are now all fascial-oriented Pilates applications. Self-touch, the original tactile cue, is the first form of imprint. One of my favorite exercises is the Sternal Mobilization. It helps those who have had chest wall surgery as in breast cancer, those with spinal asymmetry or scoliosis, or clients suffering from post-COVID or other breathing issues. When stiffness occurs in either the internal or external chest wall, shoulder motions become limited as well as breathing and is often accompanied by pain. These mat exercises will help Reformer exercises such as the Hundreds, Stomach Massage and Mermaid to be more balanced and effective.

With the client in a supine position, with the calves resting upon a Short Box, instruct them to place the thumbs into the armpits, touch their 3rd fingers together, place the fingers upon the sternum, and then release the thumbs. The fingers are now on a safe position of the sternum. The sternum has 3 bones: the manubrium, the gladiolus and the xiphoid. It is best to avoid the lowest bone of the xiphoid due to the ease of displacement.

Inhale, feel the sternum rise against the skin of the fingers. Then exhale, feel the bones descend and at the bottom, gently imprint the fingers three times (1-2-3), then release. Repeat several times. This motion affects the superficial fascia, the deep fascia and the internal rib cage fascia along with the fascial capsules of the lungs and heart. A modification for osteoporosis is to simply feel the finger weight and give no pressure at the bottom of the exhalation.

One-Lung Breathing

Another favorite is One-Lung Breathing created by our Elder Eve Gentry. The West Coast Baby Arc is my favorite tool for this one and is a usual beginning exercise for many of my sessions. This exercise helps re-shape the fascia of the trunk and is a great tool for clients with spinal asymmetry and cancer restoration.

Modify the neck and pelvic positions with towels and pillows as needed. Exert caution for those with osteoporosis. Modify by using only pillows underneath the ribs and minimize any pressure. Use only sensory tactile when in doubt. Position the client with the stiff rib cage side down toward the arc with the client’s chest at the height of the arc. Place two flat hands on the side of the ribs with extended fingers to avoid touching the breasts. Inhale, feel the ribs rise, then when the client exhales, let your hand weight give gentle pressure downwards. Repeat three times more and repeat to the other side.

Breath of Fire

The next one is the Breath of Fire, adapted from the yoga exercise. It is a stronger exercise that potentiates not only the excursion of the respiratory diagram but affects all the diaphragms (cranial, thoracic, respiratory and pelvic) by tensioning all internal fascial compartments. It works best if the client sits on a firm surface like a chair or the Trap Table.

Keep the lips closed throughout the entire sequence.

First practice posterior lateral breathing using the hands to mobilize the rib cage. Inhale, expand the cage. Exhale, give some pressure to the ribs. Practice a few times. Then practice the “percussive exhalation.” Exhale strongly deepening, imprinting, the soft tissue from the pubic symphysis to the navel. Hold it tense for four counts. Finally, practice repetitive percussive exhalations. Try not to inhale between them yet let the passive return from the exhalation happen naturally. Yes, it may not be perfect but try to keep going to number 20.

Next, put the whole sequence together: Posterior inhalation for four counts, exhale hour counts, then one percussive exhalation with a four -count hold, perform twenty exhalations. Start again to complete three cycles only, to end with normal breathing. Notice the excursion of your breath now!

***

Dr. Suzanne Clements Martin, DPT, founder of Pilates Therapeutics LLC, has been a pioneer in the international application of Pilates therapy. Her unique approach, which blends art with science, has been instrumental in her courses on spine health, women’s health, foot management, cancer recovery, and performing arts enhancement since 2002. Her practice is guided by the core values of integrity, growth, and artistry. An avid promoter of Pilates and Lifestyle Fitness, she authored 3 fitness books with Dorling Kindersley, and wrote wellness columns for Dance Magazine and Dance Studio Life (A Better You) for a decade. In addition to her recent publication, Spinal Asymmetry and Scoliosis, published by Handspring, she has contributed “Chapter 1: Pilates and Spinal Asymmetry: Effect on Gait” in Pilates Applications for Health Conditions Volume 2, which is co-edited by Elizabeth Larkam and Madeline Black, again with Handspring Publishing.

To further examine locomotor system health conditions, including scoliosis, kyphosis, hip joint dysfunction, diastasis recti abdominis, and congenital muscular torticollis, illustrating in detail how movement sequences improve gait, balance, efficiency, and quality of life, check out Pilates Applications for Health Conditions Volume 2: Locomotor System Conditions (Handspring 2025).

Learning to Feel Movement Thoroughly Is as Subtle as Learning to Taste Water

This blog post was written by Handspring author Sherry Brourman, author of From Bodily Knowledge to Intuitive Movement.

When it comes to sensing distinctions within our own movement, I believe natural human longing for safety coupled with our perfectionistic culture breeds a special self-conscious movement impatience. We’re compelled to know, to rush, to categorize, to perform—whether for others or ourselves—and all of this obstructs bodily presence and the self-awareness that comes with it.

Even the simple intention to shift into a calmer, slower gear—the state needed to take the time to truly feel movement can seem ambiguous or uncomfortably unfamiliar. Initially, just setting that intention may bring anxiety. This isn’t resistance to truth, a character flaw, or the absence of some innate ability that only some people have. Yet it appears and feels subtly defensive.

In over fifty years of observing, discussing, and guiding people toward greater movement sensitivity, I’ve come to believe that simple underexposure is the main barrier. Whether chemist or athlete, most people have had little experience with this kind of inner attention—and so we can grow shy, even to our own witness, much less someone else’s.


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Yoga, the Original Anticolonial Philosophy, Solves Polycrisis

This blog post was written by Singing Dragon author Shyam Ranganathan, author of Yoga – Anticolonial Philosophy.

For those who have not been watching

Oppression, cruelty, and danger are surprisingly matters that anyone can ignore and be unaware of if they are not directly impacted. And even when it is on our doorstep, we can choose to be ignorant about such matters by creating ad hoc explanations that do not situate tragedy within larger historical trends.

Many of us for years have been concerned about the deterioration of the health of the environment and the remarkable systemic cruelty inflicted on nonhuman animals in ecosystems and factory farms, and we watched all of this in horror as most humans normalize this. This slow destruction of everything not human sets the backdrop for numerous painfully slow genocides and wars that have been occurring in spaces suffering from the legacy of colonization.

As a South Asianist, I was aware of the war against Tamil people in Sri Lanka, and the genocide of Rohingya people at the hands of the Myanmar state, both surprisingly (or perhaps not surprisingly) supported by local Buddhists! As I complete my second book on colonization, I’ve come to appreciate how normalized genocide has been in various theaters for centuries, including and especially North America.

According to scholarly reckoning, prior to European settlement in the Americas, Indigenous people on Turtle Island number in the 100 millions. Within three generations of European arrival, that population was down to 5% of its original number.

Many people in the Westernized world had become accustomed to a creation of Europe in the Middle East—Israel. October 7, 2023 changed that normalization with what Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have concluded is an ongoing genocide against Palestinians—a claim that the International Court of Justice determined in 2024, is plausible.

There is a word for what we are going through: a polycrisis. Accordingly, there isn’t just one problem afoot. There are innumerable all at once, but they are not disconnected.

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Using Humidity Awareness to Create a Healthy Office during Cold, Flu and COVID-19 season

This blog post is written by Marybetts Sinclair, LMT, author of Hydrotherapy for Bodyworkers

The seasonal cycle of respiratory viral diseases has been recognized for thousands of years, as annual epidemics of the common cold and influenza disease hit the human population like clockwork in the winter season. Studies have long shown the effect of temperature and humidity on viruses’ survival and transmission to others.” -Immunologist J. Moriyama

“When someone with COVID-19 coughs inside a room with dry air, virus particles stay in the air and remain on surfaces longer, and go deeper into the body, which increases the risk of contracting a virus and the severity of the infection.” Engineer David Baird

The viruses that cause colds, flu and COVID-19 will thrive this winter partly because cooler temperatures cause us to be indoors more. As we crank up the heat to warm our offices and homes, the indoor air dries out, affecting your entire respiratory system.  The upper part of your respiratory system, including your throat and nose, is lined with moist membranes that capture dirt, dust, viruses and bacteria before they reach your lungs. Proper humidity levels help these membranes do their job. But if your home or office air is very dry, moisture is drawn from these membranes as well as many other parts of the body, and even the fluid that hydrates your bronchial tubes can quickly evaporate, making it easier for harmful particles to get into the sensitive areas of your lungs. Cilia do not work as well in dry conditions either, making it more difficult for them to pass virus and debris out of the lungs.

Signs you are breathing too much dry air include a scratchy sore throat that lasts for days, cracked lips, fingertips or heels, bloody noses, itching or flaking skin, chapped lips, even a feeling of tightness around joints. If you or one of your clients is contagious with a flu, cold, or COVID, even before that person even knows they are sick, dry air may help transmit it to the other person.

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“I feel my tension begin to melt away”: How water treatments increase the effectiveness of bodywork

Written by MaryBetts Sinclair, author of Hydrotherapy for Bodyworkers: Improving Outcomes with Water Therapies.

           In combination with skilled touch, water treatments are perhaps the very oldest and most revered of all healing modalities. Pain from injuries, issues from damaged muscles and joints, circulation problems, chronic tension, chronic pain and emotional stress have long inspired healers to relieve suffering this way.

From ancient Rome’s great baths to Russian saunas, Indian Ayurvedic steams, Native American sweat lodges, Turkish baths and Japanese hot springs, peoples the world over use and love hydrotherapy and massage together. In Germany, the warm waters of Baden-Baden have been used for over eight thousand years, and in Bath, England, for ten thousand. 2800 years ago, Irish sweat houses made of sod and stone were used for rheumatism.

As a bodywork student or practitioner, you may be wondering what is the advantage of adding water treatments to your skill set. Here’s how it can improve your effectiveness:

*** Like massage, hydrotherapy can relieve discomfort and pain, stimulate the flow of blood and lymph, and make connective tissues more pliable and comfortable to the touch.

***Hydrotherapy is soothing and stress-reducing. The ancients realized the effect depression and stress can have upon a person, and over centuries, chronic depression was called everything from gloom or melancholia to neurasthenia or dysthymia. In ancient Greece, while warriors bathed to reduce fatigue and promote wound healing, warm baths were also ordered to relieve “dejection and low spirits.”  The founder of modern psychiatry, Philippe Pinel, (1745-1826) recommended warm baths to calm “overwrought nerves.”

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What is Water Yoga by Christa Fairbrother, MA, ERYT 200/500

Water yoga, at its essence, is doing the yoga you already know, in the water. 

When you think about it a little harder, you realize there’s more to it than that. You can’t sit or go upside down without getting wet.  Your yoga mat and most of the other gear you’re used to using isn’t going to work. And maybe you don’t know how to swim, so you have concerns about being in the water. My book, Water Yoga:  A Teacher’s Guide to Improving Movement, Health and Wellbeing, breaks down these misconceptions and gets you practicing and teaching water yoga like a pro.

On land, a yoga practice is made up of eight limbs of yoga. In the water, I call the limbs of yoga waves. The concept of the different aspects of yoga being waves fits into the aquatic environment better. It also reinforces the idea that you don’t have to do the parts of yoga in sequential order. Water yoga is very accessible for beginners, and emphasizing the aspects relevant for each person, instead of a rigid hierarchy, is student-friendly.

The first wave of water yoga, the Yamas. Ahimsa is the first Yama and is traditionally translated as non-harming. I translate it as being kind.  Being kind to yourself is even easier in the water because of the water’s buoyancy. Buoyancy offloads your weight and relieves sore joints making a water yoga practice easier for many people than a land-based practice.

The Niyamas are philosophical practices we want to do more of. For example, Tapas is about right-effort. All your yoga practices should be done at the right level for you. In the water, if you want to work harder in a posture, you can use the water’s viscosity (water’s thicker than air and harder to move through) and make your movements big and fast. If that vigorous movement hurts, the pain stops immediately when you stop because the water’s viscosity slows you down immediately. On land, managing your momentum and gravity require continued muscular effort, so you continue to ache as you return the heavy weight to the floor. It’s easier to customize your yoga experience in the water.

The wave of water yoga that most people are used to splashing around with is the poses. One of the most common questions, is how do you do Down Dog pose or other inversions without drowning people? Easy, we modify water yoga poses to make the best use of the aquatic environment. The focus is on using the same physical and energetic properties as the poses on land, and less on making them have the exact same shape. 

Pranayama, or breath practices, are even more powerful in the water.  Hydrostatic pressure is the force that the increased density of the water applies to a submerged body. It also makes your inspiratory muscles work harder, increasing your breath capacity with water yoga.

The hydrostatic pressure also contributes to a Pratyahara practice. The universally applied increase in pressure calms your nervous system, similar to how a weighted blanket is used for neurodivergent kids. Pratyahara is withdrawing your senses to prepare you for meditation. It’s the natural response to getting in the water. When you say, ‘Ah’ and close your eyes because you’re feeling relaxed in the water, that’s exactly what the fifth wave of water yoga is.

Concentrating on a single point, a Drishti, is a Dharana practice. With all the visual movement of the water’s surface, and the hustle and bustle at a pool, there’s a lot to distract you. Dharana is learning to sharpen your focus so all those other things clamoring for your attention don’t affect you. For example, when you’re in a balance posture and focus on a single point far outside the pool, the distractions right next to you won’t impact you as much.

Floating meditation is a Dhyana practice. You’ve withdrawn your focus from what’s happening around you and are focused on just what’s going on inside your head. Just like it’s easier to be reflective and spend time with yourself at the beach, the pool is a natural environment to get to know yourself better and focus on what really matters.

Just like with land yoga, Samadhi or bliss, is your intent with your practice. It’s integrating all eight waves of water yoga as best you can to be comfortable and secure with the most essential aspects of yourself. However, just like with land yoga, in water yoga, you have no guarantee you’ll get there as an outcome. That’s why it’s more important to pay attention to your time in the pool and appreciate the process more than worry about the results.

As a concept, you can’t beat water Yoga. It allows you to enjoy the comfort of the water. Outdoor pools allow you to get outside and enjoy the sun, all while getting the benefits of yoga. Water Yoga: A Teacher’s Guide to Improving Movement, Health and Wellbeing teaches you how to practice all waves of water yoga for yourself as a first step. Then moves beyond that with the tips to guide others through the practice. Once you know how to apply these concepts for yourself, the book helps you with the communication strategies and teaching tips to help your students succeed.

I live with multiple forms of arthritis. Yoga provides me with excellent self-management tools to stay healthy. Water yoga is even better for people who live with arthritis because of the properties of water. My success in managing my arthritis inspired me to become a water yoga teacher and share the practice with you through the book. Use the book for yourself, share it with family and friends, and learn to teach water yoga, because the bottom line is yoga is awesome, but it’s even better when wet.

Christa Fairbrother, MA, ERYT 200/500, is an internationally recognized water yoga coach and trainer. In addition to being a yoga professional, she is certified both as an Aquatic Therapist through the Aquatic Therapy and Rehab Institute and as an Aquatic Fitness Professional through the Aquatic Exercise Association. She combines her background in education, yoga, and aquatics to provide high-quality training for other pros so more people worldwide can get the benefits of water yoga. She lives in Florida with her husband and two sons. When she’s not in the pool, there’s nothing she loves better than a good book and a huge cup of tea.

What is Pelvic Yoga Therapy?

by Cheri Dostal Ryba, C-IAYT 

I suspect by now many of us have heard that kegels may exacerbate symptoms for some people, and can have limited benefit for others. Pelvic health, like any health or fitness pursuit, requires a dynamic, whole body and whole person approach to creating a lifestyle that both minimizes symptoms and supports healing and thriving. No ‘correct posture’, ‘best’ exercise, or one cookie cutter approach can possibly meet the varied demands of daily life, our psychoemotional fluctuations, and the ever-evolving needs at different seasons in a woman’s cycle and lifespan. Yoga therapy represents a customized, integrative, and collaborative approach to healthcare and wellbeing that respects the complexity of the individual.

Pelvic yoga therapy, put simply, utilizes this comprehensive, therapeutic approach to yoga to improve someone’s pelvic embodiment and function.

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Allie Middleton, JD LCSW E-RYT C-IAYT on Moving From Me to We

In an old and favorite verse from thousands of years ago, the author of the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad IV.4.5, considers this:

You are what your deep, driving desire is.
As your desire is, so is your will.
As your will is, so is your deed.
As your deed is, so is your destiny.

And yet, as we all wonder about the future now, shall we ask each other this next question, “What is OUR collective desire and what shall OUR collective deeds create now?

In my experience over decades as a systems change catalyst and leadership coach, I’ve had the privilege of helping many individuals and teams develop new strategies for high level impact. Whether in business, healthcare or communities, one of my initial questions is, “Who are we really, and what is our work?

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Andrew McGonigle: 5 Reasons Why Lotus Might Not be for Your Hip

Andrew McGonigle has been studying anatomy for over twenty years, originally training to become a doctor and then moving away from Western medicine to become a yoga teacher, massage therapist and anatomy teacher. He combines all of his skills and experience to teach anatomy and physiology on Yoga Teacher Training courses internationally and runs his own online Anatomy and Physiology Applied to Yoga courses. His new book, Supporting Yoga Students with Common Injuries and Conditions, is out now. In this article, using our hip joints as an example, Andrew explains why yoga practice and what feels comfortable varies for each of us.

Have you ever wondered why certain yoga postures can feel so easeful in your body while others can feel like such a challenge?

Or why one person can sit cross-legged for hours having never practiced yoga and you still need to sit on four cushions after practicing yoga for years?

The short answer to this is that every body is entirely unique and will express a certain yoga pose in a completely unique way. There are also emotional, psychological and nervous system components that affect how much movement our joints make and the quality of that movement.

Let’s explore some of these factors using our hip joints as an example. Continue reading

Yoga Teaching Guides Introduced by Sian O’Neill

Yoga Teaching Guides

Singing Dragon’s Yoga Teaching Guides is a new series of books, launching in March 2021. Edited by Sian O’Neill and written by renowned experts in the field, the books in the series cover essential skills as well as providing inspiration for creative yoga teaching, both for the new and the experienced yoga teacher. In this short piece, hear from series editor Sian as she introduces some of the upcoming books and talks about her inspiration behind the series. Join our mailing list to be kept up to date with new releases!

As a yoga teacher, I’m always on the lookout for inspiration and ideas to help improve my classes for students and I have a feeling I am not alone. It can be challenging to come up with varied, interesting (and safe) classes week after week – so practical tips from highly experienced and inspiring teachers are always appreciated.

Sian O’Neill

Following the successful launch of the Yoga Teaching Handbook, it became clear that there is an interest among yoga teachers and trainees in practical tips to enrich their teaching. So, I was thrilled when Singing Dragon asked me to be editor for a new series aimed at yoga teachers, Yoga Teaching Guides, and we are delighted to be launching a series of volumes on topics ranging from supporting injured students; yoga and qigong; developing a home practice; the art of theming, and yoga and Ayurveda – with more to follow. Continue reading